candidate characteristics ap gov

trailer << /Size 125 /Info 92 0 R /Root 95 0 R /Prev 57575 /ID[<59378900085c27fcbb135bfd4de7c3ab><59378900085c27fcbb135bfd4de7c3ab>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 95 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 93 0 R /OpenAction [ 96 0 R /Fit ] /PageMode /UseNone >> endobj 123 0 obj << /S 143 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 124 0 R >> stream Unlike money that goes to the campaign of a particular candidate, such party donations are not subject to contribution limits. Explain how variation in types and resources of interest groups affects their ability to influence elections and policy making. Employees of bureaucratic agencies within the government. 1986-2023 WORLD NEWS GROUP. 0000039308 00000 n 0000025888 00000 n A method of oversight in which members of Congress constantly monitor the bureaucracy to make sure that laws are implemented correctly. The media's use of polling results to convey popular levels of trust and confidence in government can impact elections by turning such events into "horse races" based more on popularity and factors other than qualifications and platforms of candidates. Money granted by Congress or to a state legislature for a specific purpose. DgRDyNox%J9%[F,aO8epXC|2. The rapidly increasing demand for media and political communications outlets from an ideologically diverse audience have led to debates over media bias and the impact of media ownership and partisan news sites. Your email address will not be published. Elections in which voters in a state vote for a candidate (or delegates pledged to him or her). Explain how the Electoral College impacts democratic participation. Below you'll find the most important vocabulary terms you'll need to know about the foundation of American democracy. Does your favorite in the field have the talent, character, and preparation it takes? This activity was created by a Quia Web subscriber. 0000009177 00000 n 485 0 obj <>stream Parties Roles In elections Recruit and nominate candidates (note shift from party bosses to primaries). PRESIDENTIAL APPOINTMENTS TO THE FEDERAL JUDICIARY BY SELECTED DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, 2000-2011 (in percent) President African American Hispanic . How effective are the various methods of political participation in shaping public policies? The process and outcomes in U.S. presidential elections are impacted by: 0000003419 00000 n National party leaders who automatically get a delegate slot at the Democratic national party convention. - Uncertainty over the credibility of news sources and information. - Rising campaign costs and intensive fundraising efforts Examples of political models explaining voting behavior include: Explain how the different processes work in U.S. congressional elections. ^ufg\^aoB#@CJA\d}]|)Kf_ryJ(_k+|AXRYV7|SO%Vs $duyMKPli^ZTk"rZvIOr?B_f8N0.^`S^:a'#XZLtXm#C8: 7zeOVe !YZSWH}l!_>dqj**i_o!qpbq;-h\@dDrr(XvE>4an{v>#9-4))(JV2)r]E}/W?(^y ),{K%)eMb%K;Pc$m7iG12C9_WLKom= The master game plan candidates lay out to guide their electoral campaign. Political machines are characterized by a disciplined and hierarchical organization, reaching down to neighbourhood and block organizers, that enables the machine to respond to the problems of individual neighbourhoods, or even families, in exchange for loyalty at the polls. In this case, it is not only the rulers who need political wisdom but voters too. The interaction between a principal (such as the president or Congress), who needs something done, and an agent (such as a bureaucrat), who is responsible for carrying out the principal's orders. 383838 bond funds. c. intelligence level was determined by race Traditional news media, new communication technologies, and advances in social media have profoundly influenced how citizens routinely acquire political information, including new events, investigative journalism, election coverage, and political commentary. Bureaucrats' tendency to implement policies in a way that favors their own political objectives rather than following the original intentions of the legislation. The following contingency table shows average yield (rows) and average duration (columns) for Constitutional Requirements for Presidential Candidates The president must: Be a natural-born citizen of the United States Be at least 35 years old Have been a resident of the United States for 14 years Anyone who meets these requirements can declare their candidacy for president. Is he cavalier about the legality of killing babies in abortion? Ex: -appoints a new secretary of education-meets w/ attorney general-instructs the secretary if the interior about drilling for oil in certain areas- extreme order-fiscal cliff 2012: gave congress pay raise of $900-Immigration 2014 deferment for parents of children born in US The impact of federal policies on campaigning and electoral rules continues to be contested by both sides of the political spectrum. - Incumbency advantage phenomenon 0000026874 00000 n a. genetics was solely responsible for intelligence Bureaucrats who seek to increase funding for their agency whether or not that additional spending is worthwhile. 0000002599 00000 n 0000001564 00000 n 0000020234 00000 n Why do levels of participation and influence in politics vary? This guide maps the content in Unit 5 of Khan Academy's AP US Government and Politics course to the learning objectives (LOs) and essential knowledges (EKs) covered by each instructional asset and exam-style, multiple-choice practice exercise. Explain how increasingly diverse choices of media and communication outlets influence political institutions and behavior. In general, is there a record of principled disposition toward what is right? The nature of democratic debate and the level of political knowledge among citizens is impacted by: Abby Roland is the bookkeeper for Cheng Company. A one-semester introductory college course in U.S. government Recommended Prerequisites None Exam Date Mon, May 1, 2023, 8 AM Local AP United States Government and Politics Exam This is the regularly scheduled date for the AP United States Government and Politics Exam. Candidates might recruit celebrities to campaign for them on social media. Prepare the three summary entries to record the assignment of costs to Work in Process from the data on the job cost sheets. - Party conventions 2019 AP US GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS . A proposal by critics of the caucuses and presidential primaries to replace these electoral methods with a series of primaries held in each geographic region. The details notification will be released soon. Candidates are likely to engage their supporters on social media to register, vote, donate money, and/or attend campaign events. , . . endstream endobj 106 0 obj <. The free-response section lasts one hour and 40 minutes and consists of four questions, each of which is worth 12.5% of your total score. How does he handle the truth? Employees of bureaucratic agencies within the government. d. IQ tests do not take socioeconomic status into account. Party identification: the psychological connection that individuals have to a political party, based on shared beliefs, values, and experiences. Political parties, interest groups, and social movements provide opportunities for participation and influence how people relate to government and policymakers. 0000007597 00000 n b. environment was solely responsible for intelligence . Hb```f``1``e``jeg@ ~F#$t,O\=V"p@kAgKgy,$VpdfB&N QPP4A044hq(@pb5bML/X5'.va> kJ@{u0| 1)]QN|11C =( endstream endobj 124 0 obj 249 endobj 96 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 93 0 R /Resources 97 0 R /Contents [ 105 0 R 107 0 R 109 0 R 111 0 R 113 0 R 115 0 R 117 0 R 119 0 R ] /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 97 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageC /ImageI ] /Font << /TT2 99 0 R /TT4 101 0 R >> /XObject << /Im1 121 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 122 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /Cs5 103 0 R /Cs9 102 0 R >> >> endobj 98 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -167 -307 1009 1007 ] /FontName /TimesNewRoman /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 >> endobj 99 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 150 /Widths [ 250 0 555 0 0 0 833 0 333 333 0 0 250 333 250 0 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 0 500 333 333 0 0 0 0 0 722 667 722 722 667 0 778 778 389 0 0 667 944 722 778 611 0 722 556 667 722 722 0 0 0 0 0 278 0 0 0 0 500 556 444 556 444 333 500 556 278 0 556 278 833 556 500 556 556 444 389 333 556 500 722 500 500 0 394 0 394 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 0 0 0 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /TimesNewRoman,Bold /FontDescriptor 100 0 R >> endobj 100 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -184 -307 1089 1026 ] /FontName /TimesNewRoman,Bold /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 133 >> endobj 101 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 174 /Widths [ 250 0 0 0 0 0 778 0 333 333 500 0 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 0 500 500 278 278 0 0 0 444 0 722 667 667 722 611 556 722 722 333 389 722 611 889 722 722 556 722 667 556 611 722 722 944 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 444 500 444 500 444 333 500 500 278 278 500 278 778 500 500 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 444 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 444 444 0 500 0 0 980 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 760 0 0 0 0 760 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /TimesNewRoman /FontDescriptor 98 0 R >> endobj 102 0 obj [ /Indexed 103 0 R 255 120 0 R ] endobj 103 0 obj [ /CalRGB << /WhitePoint [ 0.9505 1 1.089 ] /Gamma [ 2.22221 2.22221 2.22221 ] /Matrix [ 0.4124 0.2126 0.0193 0.3576 0.71519 0.1192 0.1805 0.0722 0.9505 ] >> ] endobj 104 0 obj 759 endobj 105 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 104 0 R >> stream People selected by an elected leader, such as the president, to hold a government position. Prudence requires experience. - Increased media choices Many factors influence voter choice: When voters decide which candidate to support in an election, they are influenced by a number of factors: their own demographic characteristics, their political ideology and party identification, the characteristics of the candidate, and contemporary political issues. %PDF-1.6 % In his philosophical classic, The Politics, Aristotle helps us with four characteristics of a good political leader. The system of civil servants and political appointees who implement congressional or presidential decisions; also known as the administrative state. A federal agency that oversees the financing of national election campaigns. The percentage of survey respondents who say that they "approve" or "strongly approve" of the way the president is doing his job. They way CA orderd their candidates listed in a blanket primary. 4. - Unequal access to decision makers - General (presidential and mid-term) elections, Explain how campaign organizations and Then construct a table of all basic solutions of the e-system. H|TKo0W4H@Zd[b;uwZ{75iIII[CH~9]hXs2+j]2PZt&9p=%?&9o44LUuMZ@Wn.TefkK\twL+U,T%=JY?dj%VUkHr\3f^r$ n 0000007443 00000 n Republican primary voters have lots of choices in this presidential election cycle17 so far: nine governors, five senators, two business executives, and a surgeon. - Duration of election cycles These pdf are strictly not for misuse or sale. (Bank loans, however, are not considered contributions if made in the ordinary course of business and on a basis that assures repayment.) Polls used to show how well a president is liked. (,}wxf!Xd)a,,rTl. What were Transita's total current liabilities? All of these amounts are net of tax. Open primary: a primary election in which any voter, regardless of political party affiliation, can vote for candidates of any political party. Students with weak essay-writing skills may struggle with this exam. 0000008271 00000 n %PDF-1.7 % 2022 Government Schemes Updates StudyBizz. Not many voters change their party identification or ideology from one election to the next, and Examples of political models explaining voting behavior include: Explain the roles that individual choice play in voter turnout in elections. 0000016005 00000 n - Caucuses An organized effort to persuade voters to choose one candidate over others competing for the same office. As a habit, does the candidate do what he wants to do or what he ought to do? - "Free rider" problem. The phenomenon that people often pay the most attention to things they already agree with and interpret them according to their own predispositions. 0 nQNH_c?s9Ti2([D]9U&\LqHIZs2^J$UDP)9i-5c~')`?%ht~7:OcTO24~,!GBtGYC,d}c]Xu!S'%` >1.a`9NAvv%Q@yLq.$3?Y Electing a president is an awesome responsibility. - Dependence on professional consultants Political parties, interest groups, and social movements provide opportunities for participation and influence how people relate to government and policymakers. The process and outcomes in U.S. Congressional elections are impacted by: - Congressional and State elections Retrospective Voting = voting based on a candidate's past . A situation in which bureaucrats favor the interests of the groups or corporations they are supposed to regulate at the expense of the general public. A ruler must love the country he or she aspires to lead and its system of government. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Candidate characteristics Contemporary political issues Religious beliefs or affiliation, gender, race and ethnicity, and other demographic characteristics Describe different models of voting behavior. 0000031221 00000 n Demographic characteristics and political efficacy or engagement are used to predict the likelihood of whether an individual will vote. Loans. 0000003471 00000 n AP Gov Unit 3 Civil Liberties and Civil Right, AP Gov Unit 4 American Political Ideologies a, AP Gov Unit 1 Foundations of American Democra, Government in America: Elections and Updates Edition, George C. Edwards III, Martin P. Wattenberg, Robert L. Lineberry. 0000001408 00000 n \end{array} hbbd``b`no@9 $XN `8HI9DA \9@B2 !$@z@,THhXL3@F7 0000016302 00000 n hW&- #2LQM"@{-X =]Pq[5RP`!ZQmR-hZQe\#3R^{v cj%|c[yG1%=3dk}I%: [s%c|vx3_J5b_W]nNNr,KN1K_x 0000004927 00000 n A preliminary election conducted within a political party to select candidate who will run for . Does the candidate have a strong marriage and family? Generally, success in the this game requires momentum, money, and media attention. 0000001853 00000 n . Appropriations. The Andhra Pradesh Government has also passed a GO for the recruitment of Police Constable and SI for a total number of 6511 vacancies. 0000008929 00000 n The Limited Brands Inc. sells womens clothing and personal health care products through specialty retail stores including Victorias Secret and Bath & Body Works stores. &\textbf{Year 2}&\textbf{Year 1}\\ Candidates appearing for any AP Government Jobs must take a note of all exam dates so that they do not miss onto any important event related to the . 0000002040 00000 n 0000009605 00000 n 105 0 obj <> endobj startxref If you enjoyed this article and would like to support WORLD's brand of Biblically sound journalism, click here. Republican primary voters have lots of choices in this presidential election cycle 17 so far: nine governors, five senators, two business executives, and a surgeon. The various forms of media provide citizens with political information and influence the ways in which they participate politically. . The current president has demonstrated impatience with constitutional restraints on his power, used executive orders in place of legislation, and selectively ignored laws. Political leaders gauge public opinion to find out how much support there is for their policies, as well as to find out what issues are on voters' minds. Approval ratings. Endorsements by party leaders have no effect. On the Democratic side, there are only five announced candidates: two governors, two senators, and one senator/secretary of state. endstream endobj startxref If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. British term for elections in single-member districts where the candidate with the most votes wins. Candidates' personal characteristicsincluding race, ethnicity, religion, gender, geography, social background, appearance, and especially incumbencyinfluence outcomes. AP Gov Chapter 9. General (presidential and midterm) elections, impact of and reliance on social media for campaign communication and fundraising. c) when the price of its product is less than its average variable cost. 0000002565 00000 n They are usually organized as a pyramid. It meets every four years to nominate the party's presidential and vice-presidential candidates and to write the party's platform. A local meeting of party supporters to choose delegates to attend a larger meeting. The recent tendency of states to hold primaries early in the calendar in order to capitalize on the media attentions. economics. A rule that allows the government to exercise control over individuals and corporations by restricting certain behaviors. 0000005320 00000 n %PDF-1.7 % Kadapa Anantapur Kurnool Teachers MLC Election Candidates List 2023. 252 0 obj <> endobj 0000004535 00000 n Authorization legislation. Please register, subscribe, or log in to comment on this article. candidate qualities and government performance are distinctly short-term forces, capable of substantial shifts from one election to the next. Uncertainty over the credibility of news sources and information, Overview of curriculum mapping for this course, View all instruction and practice in this unit, Voting rights and models of voting behavior, Voting rights and models of voting behaviorexercise, Voting rights and models of voting behaviorlesson summary, Linkage institutions and political parties, How and why political parties change and adapt, How and why political parties change and adaptexercise, How and why political parties change and adaptlesson summary, Evolution of political parties in picking candidates and voter mobilization, Groups influencing policy-making and policy outcomes, Interest groups influencing policy-makingexercise, Groups influencing policy-making and policy outcomeslesson summary, Groups influencing policy outcomesexercise, Open primaries, closed primaries, and blanket primaries. In a republic, He uses the consent of the people expressed constitutionally through elections. 280 0 obj <>/Encrypt 253 0 R/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<24D3E1BA34D534408F184A62E14AED78>]/Index[252 51]/Info 251 0 R/Length 119/Prev 719776/Root 254 0 R/Size 303/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream 0000008528 00000 n U.S. - Open and closed primaries The essay section makes up the other half. A presidents best ideas are useless if he cant make them understandable and compelling for the public and rally a majority to the best course of action. x Candidate-centered campaigns (d) Explain how party polarization has strengthened party influence in Congress. 0000008907 00000 n 0000030797 00000 n - Competing actors such as interest groups, professional organizations, social movements, the military, and bureaucratic agencies influence policy making, such as the federal budget process, at key stages and to varying degrees. , E Crop .. . The act created the Federal Election Commission (FEC), provided public financing for presidential primaries and general elections, limited presidential campaign spending, required disclosure, and attempted to limit contributions. 0000006730 00000 n The official endorsement of a candidate for office by a political party. 0000001142 00000 n Interest group influence may be impacted by: Add To Calendar Details About the Units , PM 13 ? Other relevant candidate characteristics include personality traits such as decisiveness, honesty, and vigor. The system of civil servants and political appointees who implement congressional or presidential decisions; also known as the administrative state. What was the total of Transita's current assets on December 313131? Quick links Overview of curriculum mapping for this course View all instruction and practice in this unit Voting for candidates of all the same party, voting for candidates of different parties. On January 22, Zentric Corporation issued for cash 180,000 shares of no-par common stock at $4. !Vc)4#?$=IKt+(;cjirU\j+Am1S0*FtO+pg?L=@nSGfj`_.@_IviR1j4d\6$UB!zO/]h&B"7/G"*.!N-mG )*.s4f.liv|BKr(gG@=aKUBrS U/{0 Over time, the powers of the national government have increased relative to those of the state governments. 0000008022 00000 n The nominee is determined before the convention. 0000001980 00000 n 0000006057 00000 n Interest groups may represent very specific or more general interests, and can educate voters and officeholders, draft legislation, and. 0000003098 00000 n Round to the nearest whole percent. 0000008249 00000 n 0000003652 00000 n 2000 AP Comparative Government & Politics Question 3 Scoring Guidelines 9 POINTS TOTAL Note that this map deals with the PRESIDENTIAL election - and A and B ask for explain of support for presidential candidate, not Congress, governor, etc. 0000004282 00000 n 0000001430 00000 n . Arthur Jensen believed that If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. 0 This guide maps the content in Unit 5 of Khan Academy's AP US Government and Politics course to the learning objectives (LOs) and essential knowledges (EKs) covered by each instructional asset and exam-style, multiple-choice practice exercise. Debates have increased over free speech and competitive and fair elections related to money and campaign funding (including contributions from individuals, PACs, and political parties). 0000004319 00000 n Assume that accounts receivable (in millions) were $313 at the beginning of Year 1. Describe linkage institutions. Flashcards, matching, concentration, and word search. 145 0 obj <>stream 0000030552 00000 n 302 0 obj <>stream 0000004356 00000 n UNIT 5 - MOD: 22-25 - States of Consciousness, INFO 632 Conservation & Preservation Quiz 2, Government in America: Elections and Updates Edition, George C. Edwards III, Martin P. Wattenberg, Robert L. Lineberry, Christina Dejong, Christopher E. Smith, George F Cole, Exam 1- Inflammation, Healing, Fever, Cell In. Characteristics of a population Information is used to study the population 5.3 Political Parties Main Topics Political Party b. The knowledge, personnel, and institutions that the government requires to effectively implement policies. Fill in the missing amounts and percentages on the income statement and the missing amounts on the balance sheet. xref A national election held by law in November of every even-numbered year. 94 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 96 /H [ 1072 358 ] /L 59583 /E 31027 /N 6 /T 57585 >> endobj xref 94 31 0000000016 00000 n - Candidate characteristics - Contemporary political issues - Religious beliefs or affiliation, gender, race and ethnicity, and other demographic characteristics Explain the roles that state laws play in voter turnout in elections. It is tempting to favor the person who best voices ones own disgruntlements or who has the best policy positions. 0000006079 00000 n What journal is used to record transactions that cannot be recorded in special journals? "},"element":{"id":110792,"siteId":1}}. Agency employees who directly provide services to the public, such as those who provide job-training services. 0000000968 00000 n Explain the roles that state laws play in voter turnout in elections. Candidate characteristics Contemporary political issues Religious beliefs or affiliation, gender, race and ethnicity, and other demographic characteristics 2. - Consumer-driven media outlets and emerging technologies that reinforce A proposal by critics of the caucuses and presidential primaries, which would replace these electoral methods with a nationwide primary held early in the election year. So as a whole, the free-response section accounts for half your total AP Gov score (the other 50% comes from the multiple-choice section). He is a former WORLD columnist. 0000015719 00000 n 0000004393 00000 n 0000015311 00000 n It is the best formal statement of a party's beliefs. - Single-issue groups, ideological/social movements, and protest movements form with the goal of impacting society and policy making. Legal protections found in federal legislation and the Fifteenth, Seventeenth, Nineteenth, Twenty-Fourth, and Twenty-Sixth Amendments relate to the expansion of opportunities for political participation. , . A law passed in 1974 for reforming campaign finances. For each basic solution, indicate whether or not it is feasible. - Caucuses The functions and impact of political parties on the electorate and government are represented by: Explain why and how political parties change. A commission formed at the 1968 Democratic convention in response to demands for reform by minority groups and others who sought better representation. Linkage institutions are channels, such as the following, that allow individuals to communicate their preferences to policy-makers: Explain the function and impact of political parties on the electorate and government. Most delegates to the national party conventions are chosen this way. Does he fear God? A high-tech method of raising money for a political cause or candidate. . Explain the benefits and potential problems of interest-group influence on elections and policy making. So we must ask: Does the candidate have a record of serving community and country or of self-promotion? Key parts of the Constitution that require each branch of the federal government to acquire the consent of the other two branches in order to act. Money from the $3 federal income tax check-off goes into this fund, which is then distributed to qualified candidates to subsidize their presidential campaigns. A loan, including a loan to the campaign from a member of the candidate's family, is considered a contribution to the extent of the outstanding balance of the loan. Factors associated with political ideology, efficacy, structural barriers, and demographics influence the nature and degree of political participation. Public opinion is a political science term that measures how citizens feel about their leaders, candidates for office, issues and institutions that control the laws and government. A difficulty faced by elected officials in ensuring that when bureaucrats implement policies, they follow these officials' intentions but still have enough discretion to use their expertise. Youthful candidates and sideline opinionators dont have it. 0000006752 00000 n Voters receive one or more ballots listing all parties' political nominees for each office. The Limited Brands reported the following (in millions) for two recent years: Year2Year1Netsales$9,613$8,632Accountsreceivable267249\begin{array}{lcr} civil servants. Campaigns are independent of party establishments. As always, you have the flexibility to organize the course content as you like. A primary election in which voters must declare their party affiliation before they are given a primary ballot. Select one: a) when its loss exceeds its average costs. - The Electoral College. GOTV efforts, voter registration drives Offer label and other info about a candidate; prepare party platforms; communicate info to voters Raise and distribute campaign funding . To pass laws, senators have to work with each other, even across party lines. Candidates may adopt and focus on issues that are more important to younger voters. The multiple-choice section of the AP Government exam makes up 50% of a student's score. 0000001936 00000 n 0000019394 00000 n The idea, credited to theorist Max Weber, that suggests bureaucrats should provide expertise without the influence of elected officials, interest groups, or their own political agendas. Each FRQ is worth 3-6 raw points. On February 14, Zentric Corporation issued at par value 44,000 shares of preferred 2% stock,$55 par for cash. 105 41 For all positive levels of output, a firm will shut down in the short run. 0000030214 00000 n ?(,4+z_ nd endstream endobj 106 0 obj 705 endobj 107 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 106 0 R >> stream 0000012546 00000 n Government offices or organizations that provide government services and are not part of an executive department. Explain how various political actors influence public policy outcomes. Explain how the different processes work in a U.S. presidential election. 0000010035 00000 n God gives us government for our good, but securing the common good for a people is no easy task. This takes governing experience. - Impact of and reliance on social media for campaign communication and fundraising. Checks and balances. In comparison to proportional systems, winner-take-all voting districts serve as a structural barrier to third-party and independent candidate success.